Design and Implementation of a Solar-powered Wireless Charging System for Electric Vehicles: A Sustainable Approach to Green Mobility

The rapid expansion of electric vehicles (EVs) demands charging solutions that are efficient, sustainable, and independent of traditional grid infrastructure. Conventional plug-in charging stations contribute to grid congestion and limit the environmental advantages and overall sustainability of EV adoption. To address these challenges, this paper presents a novel solar-powered wireless power transfer (WPT) system that integrates photovoltaic (PV) energy harvesting with resonant inductive coupling for off-grid EV charging. A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller is implemented to optimise solar energy utilisation, while a 12 V battery ensures stable operation under variable irradiance. The system is developed and validated through MATLAB/Simulink simulations and a 20 W hardware prototype. Simulation and experimental results confirm effective power transfer at a resonant frequency of 41.5 kHz, achieving a maximum efficiency of 67.3% under static alignment. The system maintained stable performance under coil misalignment and dynamic load conditions. Compared to conventional plug-in charging, the proposed solar–WPT configuration significantly reduces grid dependence, enhances charging reliability, and supports sustainable and green mobility. This integrated renewable–wireless approach demonstrates a practical step toward decentralised, clean, and sustainability-driven EV charging aligned with global net-zero objectives.