Development of Stress Concentration Factor (KTG) Chart for Finite Length of Bar with Longitudinal Varying Circular Hole Position in Uniaxial Tension

Emeka H. Amalu; Balaji B. Mahesh Babu

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-84873-5_40

Development of Stress Concentration Factor (K_TG) Chart for Finite Length of Bar with Longitudinal Varying Circular Hole Position in Uniaxial Tension

Emeka H. Amalu, Balaji B. Mahesh Babu

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

Existing chart of gross stress concentration factor (K_tg) has been adequate but the ever-increasing complexity in the design of steel structures is challenging its continued deployment in eccentric applications. This research develops new chart of K_tg for eccentricity ratio e/c of 3 for several longitudinal hole positions in a finite length of flat bar in tension. Employing finite element analysis (FEA), analytical and experimental methods, the study investigates 60 design points. Test vehicles (TVs) are steel plates measuring 200 mm long, 40 mm wide (b), and 4 mm thick. ANSYS mechanical package is used to simulate the response of computer-aided-design models of the TVs to an applied uniaxial tensile load of 5.0 kN. Implementation of the developed K_tg chart in computation of maximum stress in a flat plate with hole produces stress results which are circa 98.97% identical with that generated from FEA simulation. Specifically, at critical hole position of 0.15b measured from load point at bar end, developed chart application demonstrates improvements of circa 55.6 and 65.0% from stress values computed using existing charts of K_tg and nominal stress concentration factor for centre hole in plate (K_tn), respectively. Developed k_tg chart adoption will deliver highly reliable steel product designs.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Digitalization in Additive Manufacturing
Subtitle of host publication	Conference proceedings
Editors	Numan M. Durakbasa, Kerim Cetinkaya, Pinar Demircioglu, Ismail Bogrekci
Publisher	Springer Nature
Chapter	40
Pages	525-540
Number of pages	16
ISBN (Electronic)	9783031848735
ISBN (Print)	9783031848728, 9783031848759
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-84873-5_40
Publication status	Published - 15 Jul 2025

Publication series

Name	Springer Tracts in Additive Manufacturing
Volume	Part F641
ISSN (Print)	2730-9576
ISSN (Electronic)	2730-9584

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

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10.1007/978-3-031-84873-5_40

Cite this

Amalu, E. H., & Mahesh Babu, B. B. (2025). Development of Stress Concentration Factor (K_TG) Chart for Finite Length of Bar with Longitudinal Varying Circular Hole Position in Uniaxial Tension. In N. M. Durakbasa, K. Cetinkaya, P. Demircioglu, & I. Bogrekci (Eds.), Digitalization in Additive Manufacturing: Conference proceedings (pp. 525-540). (Springer Tracts in Additive Manufacturing; Vol. Part F641). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-84873-5_40

Amalu, Emeka H. ; Mahesh Babu, Balaji B. / Development of Stress Concentration Factor (K_TG) Chart for Finite Length of Bar with Longitudinal Varying Circular Hole Position in Uniaxial Tension. Digitalization in Additive Manufacturing: Conference proceedings. editor / Numan M. Durakbasa ; Kerim Cetinkaya ; Pinar Demircioglu ; Ismail Bogrekci. Springer Nature, 2025. pp. 525-540 (Springer Tracts in Additive Manufacturing).

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abstract = "Existing chart of gross stress concentration factor (Ktg) has been adequate but the ever-increasing complexity in the design of steel structures is challenging its continued deployment in eccentric applications. This research develops new chart of Ktg for eccentricity ratio e/c of 3 for several longitudinal hole positions in a finite length of flat bar in tension. Employing finite element analysis (FEA), analytical and experimental methods, the study investigates 60 design points. Test vehicles (TVs) are steel plates measuring 200 mm long, 40 mm wide (b), and 4 mm thick. ANSYS mechanical package is used to simulate the response of computer-aided-design models of the TVs to an applied uniaxial tensile load of 5.0 kN. Implementation of the developed Ktg chart in computation of maximum stress in a flat plate with hole produces stress results which are circa 98.97\% identical with that generated from FEA simulation. Specifically, at critical hole position of 0.15b measured from load point at bar end, developed chart application demonstrates improvements of circa 55.6 and 65.0\% from stress values computed using existing charts of Ktg and nominal stress concentration factor for centre hole in plate (Ktn), respectively. Developed ktg chart adoption will deliver highly reliable steel product designs.",

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Amalu, EH & Mahesh Babu, BB 2025, Development of Stress Concentration Factor (K_TG) Chart for Finite Length of Bar with Longitudinal Varying Circular Hole Position in Uniaxial Tension. in NM Durakbasa, K Cetinkaya, P Demircioglu & I Bogrekci (eds), Digitalization in Additive Manufacturing: Conference proceedings. Springer Tracts in Additive Manufacturing, vol. Part F641, Springer Nature, pp. 525-540. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-84873-5_40

Development of Stress Concentration Factor (K_TG) Chart for Finite Length of Bar with Longitudinal Varying Circular Hole Position in Uniaxial Tension. / Amalu, Emeka H.; Mahesh Babu, Balaji B.
Digitalization in Additive Manufacturing: Conference proceedings. ed. / Numan M. Durakbasa; Kerim Cetinkaya; Pinar Demircioglu; Ismail Bogrekci. Springer Nature, 2025. p. 525-540 (Springer Tracts in Additive Manufacturing; Vol. Part F641).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

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Amalu EH, Mahesh Babu BB. Development of Stress Concentration Factor (K_TG) Chart for Finite Length of Bar with Longitudinal Varying Circular Hole Position in Uniaxial Tension. In Durakbasa NM, Cetinkaya K, Demircioglu P, Bogrekci I, editors, Digitalization in Additive Manufacturing: Conference proceedings. Springer Nature. 2025. p. 525-540. (Springer Tracts in Additive Manufacturing). doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-84873-5_40

Development of Stress Concentration Factor (K_TG) Chart for Finite Length of Bar with Longitudinal Varying Circular Hole Position in Uniaxial Tension

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