Food loss and waste reduction by using Industry 4.0 technologies: examples of promising strategies

Food loss and waste (FLW) represent a significant global issue, posing a threat to food sustainability on a worldwide scale. However, the growing awareness among consumers and the development of emerging technologies driven by the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) present numerous opportunities to reduce FLW. This article provides a comprehensive examination of recently developed strategies for reducing FLW. The role of Industry 4.0 technologies, such as the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, cloud computing, blockchain, and big data, is highlighted through examples of various promising initiatives. The results of this analysis show that the application of digital technologies to address the issue of FLW is on the rise globally, with Industry 4.0 technologies revolutionising many sectors, including the food sector. Further research is necessary, and closer collaboration between producers, distributors, consumers, and other actors involved in the food supply chain is still required to reduce FLW further.