Industrial, Science and Technology Policy in Rwanda

The question of what capacity to build for Science, Technology, and Innovation (STI) and how it should be built has been a challenge to many African countries. The focus on STI capacity building is underscored by the need to transition from an agrarian-based to a knowledge-based economy. The current trajectory of STI activities at the continental level is influenced by the Science and Technology Consolidated Plan of Action (CPA). Most African countries are faced with numerous challenges to create an environment in which STI can flourish. However, many countries developed numerous STI-supporting policies and established institutions to create enabling environments to address national priorities and respond to national characteristics and highlight the pivotal role of higher education institutions as significant players in driving the national agenda. This study explores Rwanda’s journey to establishing STI policies to support the country’s economic and social development.