TY - JOUR
T1 - Microwave processing of oil palm wastes for bioenergy production and circular economy
T2 - Recent advancements, challenges, and future prospects
AU - Foong, Shin Ying
AU - Chan, Yi Herng
AU - Lock, Serene Sow Mun
AU - Chin, Bridgid Lai Fui
AU - Yiin, Chung Loong
AU - Cheah, Kin Wai
AU - Loy, Adrian Chun Minh
AU - Yek, Peter Nai Yuh
AU - Chong, William Woei Fong
AU - Lam, Su Shiung
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/12/10
Y1 - 2022/12/10
N2 - The valorization and conversion of biomass into various value-added products and bioenergy play an important role in the realization of sustainable circular bioeconomy and net zero carbon emission goals. To that end, microwave technology has been perceived as a promising solution to process and manage oil palm waste due to its unique and efficient heating mechanism. This review presents an in-depth analysis focusing on microwave-assisted torrefaction, gasification, pyrolysis and advanced pyrolysis of various oil palm wastes. In particular, the products from these thermochemical conversion processes are energy-dense biochar (that could be used as solid fuel, adsorbents for contaminants removal and bio-fertilizer), phenolic-rich bio-oil, and H2-rich syngas. However, several challenges, including (1) the lack of detailed study on life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis, (2) limited insights on the specific foreknowledge of microwave interaction with the oil palm wastes for continuous operation, and (3) effects of tunable parameters and catalyst's behavior/influence on the products’ selectivity and overall process's efficiency, remain to be addressed in the context of large-scale biomass valorization via microwave technology.
AB - The valorization and conversion of biomass into various value-added products and bioenergy play an important role in the realization of sustainable circular bioeconomy and net zero carbon emission goals. To that end, microwave technology has been perceived as a promising solution to process and manage oil palm waste due to its unique and efficient heating mechanism. This review presents an in-depth analysis focusing on microwave-assisted torrefaction, gasification, pyrolysis and advanced pyrolysis of various oil palm wastes. In particular, the products from these thermochemical conversion processes are energy-dense biochar (that could be used as solid fuel, adsorbents for contaminants removal and bio-fertilizer), phenolic-rich bio-oil, and H2-rich syngas. However, several challenges, including (1) the lack of detailed study on life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis, (2) limited insights on the specific foreknowledge of microwave interaction with the oil palm wastes for continuous operation, and (3) effects of tunable parameters and catalyst's behavior/influence on the products’ selectivity and overall process's efficiency, remain to be addressed in the context of large-scale biomass valorization via microwave technology.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85144082890&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128478
DO - 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128478
M3 - Article
C2 - 36513306
AN - SCOPUS:85144082890
SN - 0960-8524
VL - 369
JO - Bioresource Technology
JF - Bioresource Technology
M1 - 128478
ER -