Nokia on the slope: the failure of a hybrid open/closed source model

This case study explores the origins of Nokia’s decline in the mobile technology market, as an unsuccessful attempt to introduce an open source strategy into the business. Nokia created a hybrid model, which codified conflicting principles taken from closed and open mode of collaboration. A series of implementation problems resulted in Nokia struggling to attract open source partners, growing issues with managing in-house staff and ultimately failing to develop a new mobile operating system fast enough to stay competitive.