Screening for White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) in pink shrimp (Penaeus paulensis) from Rocha Lagoon, Uruguay

Penaeus paulensis (pink shrimp) is an important resource for small-scale fisheries in the brackish coastal lagoons of Uruguay. No viral diseases have been detected in shrimp populations in the Uruguayan territory. The presence of viral pathogens, such as White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) and Infectious Hypodermal Haematopoietic Necrosis Virus (IHHNV) in wild shrimp populations has been previously reported in Brazil and Argentina.
We investigated the presence of WSSV in wild populations of penaeid shrimp from Rocha Lagoon, Uruguay. We sampled 70 specimens of juvenile P. paulensis and assessed the presence of these viral pathogens using nested PCR and histology. Gill tissue from the 70 samples was divided into 14 pools of 5 individuals for DNA extraction and PCR analysis. We also retested each pooled sample individually. The nested PCR procedure described in the WOAH aquatic animal manual was used. A subset of 20 individual specimens were also processed using standard histological techniques.
The results showed that WSSV was not detected in the pooled or individually tested samples. We found no evidence of the presence of the viral genome or gill lesions in the samples analysed. This indicates that the fishery is still likely to be free of WSSV infection. The procedures and information generated can be used as a baseline study for future implementation of surveillance programmes in the country.