Study on phenolic content, flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity of extracts from Lansium parasiticum (Osbeck)

Lansium parasiticum (Osbeck) or its synonym Epicharis parasitica is from the Meliaceae family and has traditionally been used for various medical applications. This study aimed to determine the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of different duku extracts. A total of four different solvents, 50% ethanol, 100% aqueous, 100% acetone, and 100% chloroform, were used to extract duku flesh. The total phenolic and flavonoid content was determined using the Folin-Ciocaltealuminumminium chloride colorimetric method. The DPPH and ABTS method evaluated the antioxidant activity. The result showed that 50% ethanol presented the highest extraction yield, 10.81% ± 0.004. It is also revealed that aqueous extract exhibited the highest amount of total phenolic content of 152.910 mg GAE/100 g ± 22.143, total flavonoid content of 1669.723 ± 370.091 mg QE/100 g, and antioxidant activity DPPH of 68.51 % ± 2.730 and ABTS of 6.063 U/ml ± 0.721 compared to other extracts. The correlation between total phenolic content and ABTS (r = 0.719, p = 0.029) showed a statistically significant result. Therefore, the extracts of this fruit have promising potential as cheap sources of future natural antioxidant agents in the food industry. Researchers will further these results for future in-vitro or in-vivo biological studies.