Understanding Communities: Connecting Communities with/ in Nature

Migration and integration policies have traditionally focused on economic, educational, and social interventions, while paying comparatively little attention to the role of natural environments in fostering social connection and belonging. This paper presents findings from the Nature-Based Integration project, a two-year interdisciplinary study funded by the Nuffield Foundation and the British Academy, which explored how parks, rivers, beaches, woodlands, and other natural settings contribute to social integration among migrant and host communities in the United Kingdom.
Adopting a whole-community approach, the research was conducted across three diverse case-study locations: Blackburn with Darwen, the London Borough of Haringey, and the Isle of Lewis. Using participatory and mixed-method approaches-including surveys, participatory mapping, creative methods, and community engagement activities-the project examined how people experience, access, and use natural environments in their everyday lives.
The findings demonstrate that nature plays a significant role in promoting wellbeing, strengthening social relationships, and creating opportunities for intercultural encounter. Participants described natural spaces as places of relaxation, reflection, and community interaction, supporting both emotional wellbeing and the development of new social bonds. The research also identified barriers to nature-based integration, including financial constraints, safety concerns, unfamiliarity with local environments, and adverse weather conditions. At the same time, accessible and culturally meaningful natural spaces were found to facilitate inclusion, support cultural identity, and foster a sense of belonging.
The paper argues that nature should be recognised as an important, yet often overlooked, dimension of integration policy and practice. By highlighting the social, cultural, and emotional value of natural environments, the study offers new insights into how place-based and nature-based approaches can contribute to more inclusive and cohesive communities. The findings have implications for policymakers, local authorities, community organisations, and researchers seeking innovative approaches to social integration and community wellbeing.