Abstract
In recent times, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have gained significant prominence invarious applications, offering remote monitoring and control capabilities due to their low-cost
and compact size. However, challenges such as limited sensor node battery life hinder the
network’s performance and lifespan. This has led to extensive research efforts to address
these issues. In this thesis, we propose three novel mobile sink-based routing protocols to
improve energy consumption, network stability, and overall network lifetime.
Firstly, we proposed the Multi-Region Based Mobile Routing (M-RBMR) protocol
which establishes a multi-hop communication between clusters and the base station (BS)
using routing nodes. This protocol implements shortest path routing to enable efficient data
transmission from sensor nodes to the BS. Simulation results demonstrate that the M-RBMR
protocol outperforms existing protocols, achieving a 23% and 10% improvement in network
stability when compared with RBM and LEACH protocol respectively. In terms of energy
conservation, M-RMBR protocol achieved a 27% and 5% increase in network lifetime when
compared with RBM and LEACH protocols respectively. Furthermore, M-RMBR achieved
a 92% enhancement in packet received when compared with the RBM protocol but showed a
25% less when compared with the LEACH protocol.
Secondly, we introduce a sink mobility prediction approach utilizing the Long-Short
Term Memory (LSTM) model. By predicting the estimated location of the sink, sensor
nodes can efficiently send their data to the priority node or directly to the mobile sink. The
proposed approach exhibits superior performance compared to existing protocols, showcasing
enhanced network lifetime, stability, throughput, and packet delivery to the sinks.
Lastly, we present the Predefined Path Constrained Mobility (PPCM) routing protocol,
which employs multiple sinks moving in fixed patterns to collect data from sensor nodes.
Through evaluations, we demonstrate that the PPCM protocol outperforms existing routing
protocols, including Random Multiple Mobile Sink (RMMS) and Multiple Random Mobile
Sink Confined (MRMS-C), in terms of network lifetime.
Overall, this thesis contributes to the advancement of WSNs by proposing innovative
mobile sink-based routing protocols that address energy consumption, network stability, and
network lifetime challenges. The simulation results highlight the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed protocols over existing approaches, providing valuable insights for real-life
implementation and further research in this domain.
| Date of Award | 4 Sept 2024 |
|---|---|
| Original language | English |
| Awarding Institution |
|
| Supervisor | Usman Adeel (Supervisor) & Mohammad Abdur Razzaque (Supervisor) |